ABSTRACT
Background@#Pseudorabies (PR), caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV), is an endemic disease in some regions of China. Although there are many reports on epidemiological investigations into pseudorabies, information on PRV gI antibody dynamics in one pig farm is sparse. @*Objectives@#To diagnose PR and analyze the course of PR eradication in one pig farm. @*Methods@#Ten brains and 1,513 serum samples from different groups of pigs in a pig farm were collected to detect PRV gE gene and PRV gI antibody presence using real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. @*Results@#The July 2015 results indicated that almost all brain samples were PRV gE gene positive, but PRV gI antibody results in the serum samples of the same piglets were all negative.In the boar herd, from October 2015 to July 2018 three positive individuals were culled in October 2015, and the negative status of the remaining boars was maintained in the following tests. In the sow herd, the PRV gI antibody positive rate was always more than 70% from October 2015 to October 2017; however, it decreased to 27% in January 2018 but increased to 40% and 52% in April and July 2018, respectively. The PRV gI antibody positive rate in 100-day pigs markedly decreased in October 2016 and was maintained at less than 30% in the following tests. For 150-day pigs, the PRV gI antibody positive rate decreased notably to 10% in April 2017 and maintained a negative status from July 2017. The positive trend of PRV gI antibody with an increase in pig age remarkably decreased in three tests in 2018. @*Conclusions@#The results indicate that serological testing is not sensitive in the early stage of a PRV infection and that gilt introduction is a risk factor for a PRV-negative pig farm. The data on PRV gI antibody dynamics can provide reference information for pig farms wanting to eradicate PR.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Pseudorabies (PR), caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV), is an endemic disease in some regions of China. Although there are many reports on epidemiological investigations into pseudorabies, information on PRV gI antibody dynamics in one pig farm is sparse. @*Objectives@#To diagnose PR and analyze the course of PR eradication in one pig farm. @*Methods@#Ten brains and 1,513 serum samples from different groups of pigs in a pig farm were collected to detect PRV gE gene and PRV gI antibody presence using real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. @*Results@#The July 2015 results indicated that almost all brain samples were PRV gE gene positive, but PRV gI antibody results in the serum samples of the same piglets were all negative.In the boar herd, from October 2015 to July 2018 three positive individuals were culled in October 2015, and the negative status of the remaining boars was maintained in the following tests. In the sow herd, the PRV gI antibody positive rate was always more than 70% from October 2015 to October 2017; however, it decreased to 27% in January 2018 but increased to 40% and 52% in April and July 2018, respectively. The PRV gI antibody positive rate in 100-day pigs markedly decreased in October 2016 and was maintained at less than 30% in the following tests. For 150-day pigs, the PRV gI antibody positive rate decreased notably to 10% in April 2017 and maintained a negative status from July 2017. The positive trend of PRV gI antibody with an increase in pig age remarkably decreased in three tests in 2018. @*Conclusions@#The results indicate that serological testing is not sensitive in the early stage of a PRV infection and that gilt introduction is a risk factor for a PRV-negative pig farm. The data on PRV gI antibody dynamics can provide reference information for pig farms wanting to eradicate PR.
ABSTRACT
Objective Summary of a patient who was diagnosed as an azygous vein aneurysm during Da Vinci robotic surgery,which continue to complete surgical resection of varicose veins by Da Vinci robot assistance. Methods After the patient is diagnosed as the azygos vein aneurysm during the operation, the emergency plan is started immediately, and the nursing cooperation is determined according to the operative coordination of the main problems during the operation. Results With the close cooperation of the medical team, an azygous vein aneurysm with a size of approximately 5 cm×4 cm×3 cm was successfully removed with the Da Vinci robot assistance, no complications occurred after surgery, and good recovery occurred, the patient was discharged on the fourth postoperative day. Conclusions It is essential to make corresponding emergency plan and exercise for Da Vinci robot operation , and to start contingency plan immediately when needed, which is an important guarantee to continue to complete misdiagnosis surgery under the aid of Da Vinci robot.
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Objective To assess the value of preoperative MRI in predicting the incidence of cement leakage into adjacent discs during percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).Methods Clinical and radiological characteristics of 127 patients who were treated with PVA for OVCF were analyzed retrospec tively.The following clinical data of these patients were analyzed,including gender,age,location of treated vertebral body and surgical approach.The image features of endplate injury,fracture line extended to the endplate,adjacent intervertebral dick injury and intravertebral cleft were evaluated on the preoperative MRI.The incidence of cement leakage into the adjacent disc were compared for the above factors with statistical methods.Results Totally 127 patients were enrolled in our study,including 179 treated vertebral bodies,358 endplates and 341 adjacent intervertebral discs.The incidence of intradiscal cement leakage was 57.73％ (56/97) in endplate injury sign,60.98％ (25/41) in fracture line extended to endplate sign,35.91％(51/142) in adjacent discs injury sign and 55.56％(20/36) inintravertebral cleft sign.The differences were statistically significant on preoperative MRI in patients with the above signs compared to those who had not (P＜0.05).The incidence of intradiscal cement leakage in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) were 26.67％(16/60) and 42.86％(51/119),respectively,which was significant different (P=0.035).For bone cement volume ≤ 5 ml vertebral bodies,the incidence of intradiscal cement leakage was 31.19 ％ (34/109),lower than bone cement volume ＞ 5 ml vertebral bodies (47.14％ [33/70],P=0.031).There was no statistically significant association between intradiscal cement leakage and age,gender and location of treated vertebral body (P＞0.05).Conclusion Preoperative MRI can predict the leakage of bone cement into adjacent discs effectively during PVA.The PKP and the lower volume of bone cement injection can reduce the risk of intradiscal cement leakage.
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objective To observe the effects of megsin gene transfection on glomerular mesangial cells(GMCs)and the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB),phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase(pERK1/2),transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)and type Ⅳ collagen under high concentration of glucose,and to investigate the impact of megsin gene transfection on the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)siginal pathway. Methods Cultured mesangial cells were divided into seven groups:low glucose group (group A,5.5 mmol/L),high glucose group(group B,30 mmol/L),high glucose plus empty vector group (group C), high glucose plus megsin expression plasmid group (group D), high glucose plus megsin expression plasmids plus U0126 group (group E), high glucose plus megsin siRNA expression plasmids group (group F) and low glucose plus mannitol (24.5 mmol/L,group G). The expressions of megsin, PDGF-BB, pERK1/2, TGF-β1, as well as type Ⅳ collagen in GMCs of each group were detected by Western blotting, after being cultured for 12, 24 and 48 hours respectively. The concentration of type Ⅳ collagen in cell supernatant was measured by radioimmunochemistry. Results Compared with group A, the expression of megsin was increased in GMCs under high glucose medium, with an increase of PDGF-BB, pERK1/2, TGF-β1 in GMCs and type Ⅳ collagen in the supernatants (P＜0.05, respectively). The expression of above indices was in time-dependant manner. The over expression of megsin in exposure to high up-regulated the expression of PDGF-BB, pERK1/2, TGF-β1 and type Ⅳ collagen(P＜0.05, respectively). Compared with group D, the application of U0126 (pERK1/2 inhibitor) had no significant effect on the expression of megsin and PDGF-BB(P＞0.05, respectively). However, the expression of pERK 1/2,TGF-β1 and type Ⅳ collagen were obviously decreased (P＜0.05, respectively). Dowa-regulated expression of megsin by siRNA transfection decreased the expression of PDGF-BB, pERK1/2, TGFβ1 and type Ⅳ collagen(all P＜0.05). Conclusions The expression of megsin and PDGF-BB in GMCs with transfected megsin gene in high glucose medium is increased, possibly in a way of activating ERK signal pathway to some extent that boosts both the expression of TGF-β1 and the production of type Ⅳ collagen. The transfection of megsin siRNA inhibits the expression of obove indices, which probably contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy.